A material made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties.
In manufacturing, a composite material is designed to capitalize on the distinct attributes of its components. Typically, composites involve a reinforcing fiber, such as carbon or glass fiber, embedded in a polymer matrix. This combination allows the final product to exhibit enhanced properties, such as increased strength-to-weight ratios, making it ideal for applications in aerospace, automotive, and construction industries.
Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is a composite material commonly used in aerospace structures.
CFRP is utilized for components such as aircraft wings and fuselage sections due to its high strength (ranging from 600 to 2,500 MPa tensile strength) and low density (approximately 1,600 kg/m³).
Glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) is used for cladding panels in construction.
GFRC panels offer reduced weight (1,800 to 2,000 kg/m³) and increased tensile strength (up to 10 MPa) compared to traditional concrete, suitable for building facades and ornamental structures.